- band – metal ring cemented in place around a tooth to allow brackets to attach to the teeth
- banding – orthodontic process of fitting and cementing bands to teeth
- base – insulating substance used beneath restorations to protect tooth pulp from changes in temperature
- benefit – payment for covered dental services by a third-party insurer
- benign – a term used to indicate mild, non-threatening, or non-malignant
- bicuspid – tooth located in front of the molars and behind cuspids
- bilateral – term meaning both right and left sides are indicated
- biopsy – the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination and/or testing
- bioinert – material property indicating it causes no physical reaction, such as inflammation or immune response
- bite/occlusion – physical relationship between upper and lower teeth when closed
- bleaching – whitening of the teeth, generally using a chemical oxidizing agent and/or laser treatment
- block injection – anesthetic placed to cause numbness over a large area of the jaw and mouth
- block graft – bone graft stabilized with screw, generally used to correct a large bone defect
- bond – mechanical or chemical adhesion connecting two surfaces, orthodontic appliance seal
- bonding – the process of attaching brackets to teeth for braces or restoring teeth with composite resin to repair tooth color or shape
- bone atrophy/resorption – loss of bone in the jaw, commonly caused by periodontal disease
- braces – orthodontic devices used to reposition teeth over time to correct misalignment, generally consisting of brackets and archwires
- bracket – ceramic or metal piece cemented to the tooth to hold an archwire for orthodontic treatment
- bridge/partial denture – a dental prosthetic device used to replace one or more missing teeth, generally attaches to surrounding teeth or implants for support
- bruxism – involuntary grinding of the teeth, usually while sleeping, often causing tooth wear, sensitivity, headaches, and jaw pain
- buccal – referring to or toward the cheek
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